From ancient Sumerian city-states and Egypt to Rome, the Pax Mongolica, dynastic China, and global colonial realms, explore the territorial boundaries, administrative centers, and civilizational achievements of humanity’s historical sovereign polities.
The Vandal Kingdom or Kingdom of the Vandals and Alans was a confederation of Vandals and Alans, and a barbarian kingdom established under Gaiseric, a Vandalic warlord.
The Principality of Chernigov or Chernihiv was one of the largest and most powerful states within Kievan Rus'.
The Ghassanids, also known as the Jafnids, were an Arab Christian kingdom.
Gabon, officially the Gabonese Republic, is a country on the Atlantic coast of Central Africa, lying on the equator.
Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west.
The Jesuit missions among the Guaraní were a type of settlement for the Guaraní people in an area straddling the borders of present-day Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay, known locally as the triple frontier.
Hyderabad State, also referred to as the Nizamate of Hyderabad, was a princely state in the Deccan region of south-central India with its capital at the city of Hyderabad.
The Hussain Shahi dynasty was an Arab Sayyid royal family which ruled the late medieval Sultanate of Bengal from 1494 to 1538.
The Lakhmid kingdom, also known as al-Manādhirah (المناذرة), was an Arab kingdom that ruled parts of Southern Mesopotamia and northeastern Arabia from the late 3rd century until 602 CE.
Confederation of the Rhine is mapped in the atlas for 1809 CE – 1814 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 258,129 km².
The Sena dynasty, or the Senas, were a Hindu dynasty that succeeded the Pala Empire and ruled much of the eastern region of the Indian subcontinent from Bengal, during the early medieval period, through the 11th and 13th centuries.
The Kingdom of Castile was a polity in the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages.
Moldavia is a historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester River.
Lydia was a powerful Iron Age civilization prominent in western Anatolia in the 8th to 6th centuries BCE.
The Aghlabid dynasty was an Arab dynasty that ruled Ifriqiya from 800 to 909, nominally as vassals of the Abbasid Caliphate.
The Fihrids, also known as Banū Fihr, were an Arab family and clan, prominent in Ifriqiya and Al-Andalus in the 8th century.
The Kharijites were an Islamic sect which emerged during the First Fitna (656–661).
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, known from 1945 to 1963 as the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, and commonly referred to as Yugoslavia, was a country in Central and Southeast Europe.
The Grand Principality of Vladimir, before 1157 the Principality of Suzdal, commonly known as Vladimir-Suzdal, or simply Suzdalia, was a Russian principality.
Yugoslavia was a country in Central Europe and the Balkans that existed from 1918 to 1992.
New France is mapped in the atlas for 1609 CE – 1791 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 249,127 km².
The Kingdom of the Suebi, also called the Kingdom of Galicia or Suebi Kingdom of Galicia, was a Germanic post-Roman kingdom that was one of the first to separate from the Roman Empire.
Guinea, officially the Republic of Guinea, is a coastal country located in West Africa.
Funan was a loose network of ancient Indianized states (mandalas) located in Mainland Southeast Asia, covering parts of present-day Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam, that existed from the 1st to the 7th century CE.
The Heian period is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185.
The Crown of Aragon was a composite monarchy ruled by one king, originated by the dynastic union of the Kingdom of Aragon and the County of Barcelona and ended as a consequence of the War of the Spanish Succession.
Lower Burgundy was a historical region in the early medieval Burgundy, and a distinctive realm known as the Kingdom of Lower Burgundy, that existed from 879 to 933, when it was incorporated into the reunited Kingdom of Burgundy.
The Chauhan dynasty are a dynasty associated with various ruling Rajput families in the present-day Indian state of Rajasthan from seventh century onwards.
Chenla or Zhenla is the Chinese designation for the vassal of the kingdom of Funan preceding the Khmer Empire that existed from around the late 6th to the early 9th century in Indochina.
Nicaean Empire is mapped in the atlas for 1206 CE – 1278 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 242,675 km².
The State of Buenos Aires was a secessionist republic resulting from the overthrow of the Argentine Confederation government in the Province of Buenos Aires on 11 September 1852.
Makuria was a medieval Nubian kingdom in what is today northern Sudan and southern Egypt.
Ghana, officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa.
The Socialist Republic of Romania was a communist state that existed from 1947 to the Romanian revolution in 1989.
Romania is a country in Central and Southeastern Europe.
The Later Liang was a dynastic state of China and one of the Sixteen Kingdoms in Chinese history.
Elam was an ancient civilization centered in the far west and southwest of Iran, stretching from the lowlands of Ilam and Khuzestan as well as a small part of modern-day southern Iraq.
The term Kingdom of Sardinia denotes the Savoyard state from 1720 to 1861.
Joseon, officially Great Joseon State, was a dynastic kingdom of Korea that existed for 505 years.
The Chaulukya dynasty, also Solanki dynasty, was a dynasty that ruled parts of what are now Gujarat and Rajasthan in north-western India, between c.
The Ganzhou Uyghur Kingdom, also referred to as the Hexi Uyghurs, was a Turkic dynastic state ruled by the Uyghur Yaglakar clan.
The Conservative Party was a political faction in Mexico between 1830 and 1867, which became a loosely organized political party after 1849.
The Korean Empire, officially the Empire of Korea or Imperial Korea in English and commonly called Taehan Cheguk in Korean, was a Korean monarchical state proclaimed in October 1897 by King Gojong of the Joseon dynasty.
The Sultanate of Brunei or simply Brunei, also known as the Bruneian Empire, was a Malay sultanate centred around Brunei on the northern coast of Borneo in Southeast Asia.
Kamarupa, an early state during the Classical period on the Indian subcontinent, was the first historical kingdom of Assam.
The Malacca Sultanate was a Malay sultanate based in the modern-day state of Malacca, Malaysia.
The Asuka period was a period in the history of Japan lasting from 538 to 710, although its beginning could be said to overlap with the preceding Kofun period.
The Nara period of the history of Japan covers the years from 710 to 794.
The Habbari Dynasty were an Arab dynasty that ruled much of Sindh, as a semi-independent emirate from 854 to 1024.
Xia is mapped in the atlas for 410 CE – 438 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 229,894 km².
Laos, officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (LPDR), is a country in Mainland Southeast Asia; it is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia.
The Western Qin was a dynastic state of China ruled by the Qifu clan of Xianbei ethnicity during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms.
The Kingdom of Laos was the former government of Laos from 1947 to 1975.
English Colonial Empire is mapped in the atlas for 1609 CE – 1779 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 227,770 km².
Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia.
The Lohara dynasty was a dynasty that ruled over Kashmir and surrounding regions in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent between 1003 and approximately 1175.
Babylonia was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based on the city of Babylon in central-southern Mesopotamia.
The Alans were an ancient and medieval Iranic nomadic pastoral people who migrated to what is today the North Caucasus; some continued on to Europe and later North Africa.
The last will and testament of the Piast duke Bolesław III Wrymouth of Poland, established rules for governance of the Polish kingdom by his four surviving sons after his death.
The Hafsid dynasty was a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Berber descent that ruled Ifriqiya from 1229 to 1574.
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