High & Late Middle Ages84,465 km²
Mahdids
The Mahdids were a dynasty in Yemen who briefly held power in the period between 1159 and 1174.
- Active Epoch:
- 1169 CE – 1506 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Planetary Historical Sovereign Registry
Empires & Sovereign States
From ancient Sumerian city-states and Egypt to Rome, the Pax Mongolica, dynastic China, and global colonial realms, explore the territorial boundaries, administrative centers, and civilizational achievements of humanity’s historical sovereign polities.
Polities Indexed
1,612 Polities
Across 5 Continents
Largest Land Realm
24.0M km²
Mongol Empire
Largest Maritime Realm
35.5M km²
British Empire (1921)
Vector Attribution
Cliopatria
13,800+ dated border shapes · CC BY 4.0
Showing 60 of 60 superpowers
Epoch:
Industrial Era83,656 km²
Empire of Haiti
The First Empire of Haiti, officially known as the Empire of Haiti, was an elective monarchy in North America.
- Active Epoch:
- 1805 CE – 1915 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Port-au-Prince
- Government:
Industrial Era83,580 km²
Republic of Panama
Panama, officially the Republic of Panama, is a country located at the southern end of Central America in North America, bordering South America.
- Active Epoch:
- 1905 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Panama City
- Government:
Classical Antiquity82,798 km²
Saxons
The Saxons, sometimes called the Old Saxons or Continental Saxons, were a Germanic people of early medieval "Old" Saxony which became a Carolingian "stem duchy" in 804, in what is now northern Germany.
- Active Epoch:
- 283 CE – 799 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Classical Antiquity82,558 km²
Greek Colonies
The Greek colonisation was the expansion of Archaic Greeks across the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, particularly during the 8th–6th centuries BCE.
- Active Epoch:
- 271 BCE – 226 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages82,372 km²
Principality of Volhynia
The Principality of Volhynia was a western Kievan Rus' principality founded by the Rurikid prince Vsevolod in 987 centered in the region of Volhynia, straddling the borders of modern-day Ukraine, Belarus, and Poland.
- Active Epoch:
- 1056 CE – 1201 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Volodymyr
- Government:
Early Middle Ages81,790 km²
Taebong
T'aebong was a state established by Kung Ye on the Korean Peninsula in 901 during the Later Three Kingdoms period.
- Active Epoch:
- 911 CE – 921 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Songak
- Government:
Early Middle Ages81,783 km²
Gao Kaidao
Gao Kaidao, at one point known as Li Kaidao (李開道), was an agrarian rebel leader who rose against the Sui dynasty at the end of Emperor Yang's reign.
- Active Epoch:
- 623 CE – 625 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Classical Antiquity81,320 km²
Gojoseon
Old Chosŏn, also known as Gojoseon and its contemporary name Joseon, was the first kingdom on the Korean Peninsula.
- Active Epoch:
- 197 BCE – 92 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Wanggeom City
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages80,771 km²
Kahuripan
Kahuripan was an 11th-century Javanese Hindu-Buddhist kingdom with its capital located around the estuarine of Brantas River valley in East Java.
- Active Epoch:
- 1028 CE – 1045 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kahuripan
- Government:
Early Middle Ages80,563 km²
Chandela Kingdom
The Chandelas of Jejakabhukti was an Indian dynasty in Central India.
- Active Epoch:
- 960 CE – 1313 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Khajuraho, Kalanjara, Mahoba
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages80,542 km²
Margraviate of Brandenburg
The Margraviate of Brandenburg was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806.
- Active Epoch:
- 1260 CE – 1414 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Brandenburg an der Havel
- Government:
Industrial Era80,272 km²
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe.
- Active Epoch:
- 1992 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Prague
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery80,056 km²
Berar Sultanate
The Berar Sultanate was an early modern sultanate located in the Deccan, ruled by the Imad Shahi dynasty.
- Active Epoch:
- 1492 CE – 1578 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Ellichpur
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages79,542 km²
Norman Italy
The Norman conquest of southern Italy lasted from 999 to 1194, involving many battles and independent conquerors.
- Active Epoch:
- 1034 CE – 1138 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages78,969 km²
Lan Na Kingdom
The Lanna Kingdom, also spelled Lan Na, was a kingdom centered in present-day Northern Thailand which existed from the 13th to 18th centuries.
- Active Epoch:
- 1294 CE – 1563 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Chiang Mai
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages78,823 km²
Hanthawaddy Kingdom
The Hanthawaddy Kingdom, classical name Ham̥sāvatī, was the major polity that ruled lower Burma (Myanmar) from 1287 to 1539 and briefly from 1550 to 1552, before serving as the imperial capital of the Burmese Toungoo dynasty.
- Active Epoch:
- 1294 CE – 1546 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Martaban
- Government:
Industrial Era78,526 km²
Republic of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a landlocked country at the boundary of Western Asia and Eastern Europe.
- Active Epoch:
- 1992 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Baku
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages78,238 km²
Singhasari
Singhasari, also known as Tumapel, was a Javanese Hindu-Buddhist kingdom located in east Java between 1222 and 1292.
- Active Epoch:
- 1227 CE – 1293 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Tumapel, later called Kutaraja Singhasari
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages77,869 km²
Taifa of Murcia
The Taifa of Murcia was an Arab taifa of medieval Al-Andalus, in what is now southern Spain.
- Active Epoch:
- 1015 CE – 1249 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Murcia
- Government:
Industrial Era77,581 km²
United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emirates (UAE), also known simply as the Emirates, is a country in West Asia, situated at the eastern end of the Arabian Peninsula.
- Active Epoch:
- 1973 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Abu Dhabi
- Government:
Early Middle Ages77,513 km²
Pandya Dynasty
The Pandya dynasty, also referred to as the Pandyas of Madurai, was an ancient Tamil dynasty of South India, and among the four great kingdoms of Tamilakam, the other three being the Pallavas, the Cholas and the Cheras.
- Active Epoch:
- 592 CE – 921 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Korkai
- Government:
Early Middle Ages77,250 km²
Chandra Dynasty
The Chandra dynasty was a Buddhist dynasty, originating from the South-east Bengal region of Indian subcontinent, which ruled the Samatata area of Bengal, as well as parts of Arakan Later it was a neighbour to the Pala Empire to the north.
- Active Epoch:
- 900 CE – 1055 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery77,003 km²
Sultanate of Palembang
The Sultanate of Palembang Darussalam was an early modern polity and sultanate located in the southern part of the Indonesian island of Sumatra.
- Active Epoch:
- 1459 CE – 1821 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Palembang, Kuto Lamo
- Government:
Industrial Era76,541 km²
Republic of Serbia
Serbia, officially the Republic of Serbia, is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe.
- Active Epoch:
- 2006 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Belgrade
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages75,390 km²
Sulayhid Dynasty
The Sulayhid dynasty was an Ismaili Shi'ite Arab dynasty established in 1047 by Ali ibn Muhammad al-Sulayhi that ruled most of historical Yemen at its peak.
- Active Epoch:
- 1056 CE – 1065 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Sana'a, Jibla
- Government:
Classical Antiquity75,001 km²
Caucasian Albania
Caucasian Albania is a modern exonym for a former state located in ancient times in the Caucasus, mostly overlapping the region of present-day Azerbaijan.
- Active Epoch:
- 63 BCE – 509 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Kabalak
- Government:
Industrial Era74,990 km²
Irish Free State
The Irish Free State, also known by its Irish name Saorstát Éireann, was the Irish state established in December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 1921, initially as a Dominion.
- Active Epoch:
- 1922 CE – 1937 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Dublin
- Government:
Industrial Era74,990 km²
Éire
Éire is the Irish language name for "Ireland".
- Active Epoch:
- 1938 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages74,680 km²
Principality of Wallachia
Wallachia is a geographical region of modern-day Romania, as well as one of the two historical Romanian principalities that laid the foundation for the establishment of the modern Romanian state.
- Active Epoch:
- 1314 CE – 1858 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Câmpulung
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages74,593 km²
Michoacán
Michoacán, formally Michoacán de Ocampo, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Michoacán de Ocampo, is one of the 31 states which, together with Mexico City, compose the Federal Entities of Mexico.
- Active Epoch:
- 1305 CE – 1533 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Morelia
- Government:
Bronze Age Civilizations74,524 km²
Lower Egypt
In ancient Egyptian history, the Old Kingdom is the period spanning c.
- Active Epoch:
- 2200 BCE – 2001 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Memphis
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages74,469 km²
Takrur
Takrur, Tekrur, or Tekrour was a state based in the Senegal River in modern-day Senegal which was at its height in the 11th and 12th centuries, roughly parallel to the Ghana Empire.
- Active Epoch:
- 1040 CE – 1235 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Tumbere Jiinge
- Government:
Early Middle Ages74,449 km²
Balasagan
Balāsagān, also known as Bazgan, was a region located in the area of the Kura and Aras rivers, adjacent to the Caspian Sea.
- Active Epoch:
- 638 CE – 646 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Paytakaran
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages74,304 km²
House of Bourbon
The House of Bourbon is a dynasty that originated in the Kingdom of France as a branch of the Capetian dynasty, the royal House of France.
- Active Epoch:
- 1333 CE – 1594 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Industrial Era74,220 km²
Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country on the west coast of West Africa.
- Active Epoch:
- 1961 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Freetown
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages73,757 km²
Bahrani Dynasty
Al-Ahsa Oasis, also known as al-Ḥasāʾ (الْحَسَا) or Hajar (هَجَر), is an oasis and historical region in eastern Saudi Arabia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1260 CE – 1520 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages73,692 km²
Uyunid Emirate
The Uyunid dynasty were an Arab dynasty that ruled Eastern Arabia for 163 years, from the 11th to the 13th centuries.
- Active Epoch:
- 1072 CE – 1235 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Classical Antiquity73,532 km²
Anurādhapura
Anuradhapura is a major city located in the north central plain of Sri Lanka.
- Active Epoch:
- 291 BCE – 1017 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages73,532 km²
Ceylon
Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, formerly known as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1236 CE – 1506 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
- Government:
Industrial Era73,532 km²
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, formerly known as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1948 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages73,514 km²
Kingdom of Polonnaruwa
The Kingdom of Polonnaruwa was the Sinhalese kingdom that expanded across the island of Sri Lanka from 1070 until 1232.
- Active Epoch:
- 1072 CE – 1259 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Vijayarajapura
- Government:
Industrial Era73,472 km²
Trucial States
Trucial States is mapped in the atlas for 1820 CE – 1894 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 73,472 km².
- Active Epoch:
- 1820 CE – 1894 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Abu Dhabi
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages73,225 km²
Kediri Kingdom
Kediri Kingdom or Kadiri, also known as Panjalu, was a Hindu-Buddhist Javanese kingdom based in East Java from 1042 until 1222.
- Active Epoch:
- 1046 CE – 1226 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Dahanapūra
- Government:
Industrial Era72,706 km²
Bahrain
Bahrain, officially the Kingdom of Bahrain, is an island country in the eastern part of Arabian Peninsula in West Asia.
- Active Epoch:
- 1757 CE – 1845 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Manama
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery71,861 km²
Kingdom of Bhutan
Bhutan, officially the Kingdom of Bhutan, is a landlocked country in South Asia, located in the Eastern Himalayas, bordering China's Tibet Autonomous Region to the north and northwest and India to the south and southeast.
- Active Epoch:
- 1636 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Thimphu
- Government:
Early Middle Ages71,678 km²
Jingnan
Jingnan, also known as Nanping and Northern Chu (北楚) in historiography, was a dynastic state of China and one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
- Active Epoch:
- 926 CE – 969 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Jingzhou
- Government:
Classical Antiquity71,171 km²
Norse
Norse is mapped in the atlas for 161 CE – 499 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 71,171 km².
- Active Epoch:
- 161 CE – 499 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Bronze Age Civilizations71,057 km²
Mycenaean Greece
Mycenaean Greece, also called Mycenaean civilization, was the last phase of the Bronze Age in ancient Greece, spanning the period from approximately 1750 to 1050 BC.
- Active Epoch:
- 1500 BCE – 1101 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Classical Antiquity70,288 km²
Liaodong
The historiographical term "Eighteen Kingdoms", also translated as "Eighteen States", refers to the eighteen fengjian states in China created by military leader Xiang Yu in 206 BCE, after the collapse of the Qin dynasty.
- Active Epoch:
- 206 BCE – 204 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Early Middle Ages70,045 km²
Later Western Liang
Liang, known in historiography as the Western Liang or the Later Liang, was an imperial dynasty of China during the Northern and Southern dynasties era of Chinese history.
- Active Epoch:
- 561 CE – 586 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Jiangling
- Government:
Classical Antiquity69,900 km²
Polyperchon
Polyperchon, was a Macedonian Greek general who served both Philip II and Alexander the Great and then played an active role in the ensuing battles for control between Alexander's generals.
- Active Epoch:
- 318 BCE – 316 BCE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Classical Antiquity69,768 km²
Zapotec Civilization
The Zapotec civilization is an indigenous pre-Columbian civilization that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca in Mesoamerica.
- Active Epoch:
- 500 BCE – 895 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Monte Albán
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages69,531 km²
Albanian Principalities
The term Albanian Principalities refers to a number of principalities created in the Middle Ages in Albania and the surrounding regions in the western Balkans that were ruled by Albanian nobility.
- Active Epoch:
- 1375 CE – 1421 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages69,423 km²
Principality of Turov and Pinsk
The Principality of Turov, later called the Principality of Turov and Pinsk, also known as Turovian Rus', was a medieval principality of Kievan Rus' from the 10th century on the territory of modern-day Belarus and northern Ukraine.
- Active Epoch:
- 1188 CE – 1240 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Turov, Pinsk
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages68,689 km²
Kingdom of Naples
The Kingdom of Naples, officially the Kingdom of Sicily citra Pharum or "on this side of the lighthouse", was a state that ruled the part of the Italian Peninsula south of the Papal States between 1282 and 1816.
- Active Epoch:
- 1285 CE – 1501 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Naples
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery68,286 km²
Sultanate of Sulu
Sultanate of Sulu is mapped in the atlas for 1459 CE – 1879 CE, with a peak mapped extent of about 68,286 km².
- Active Epoch:
- 1459 CE – 1879 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Maimbung
- Government:
Industrial Era68,198 km²
Republic of Latvia
Latvia, officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of northern Europe.
- Active Epoch:
- 1920 CE – 2024 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Riga
- Government:
High & Late Middle Ages68,087 km²
Livonian Brothers of the Sword
The order of Livonian Brothers of the Sword or Sword Brethren, formally known as the Militia of Christ of Livonia, was a Catholic military order of German crusading knights established in 1202 in Livonia by Albert, the third bishop of Riga.
- Active Epoch:
- 1202 CE – 1240 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
Early Modern & Age of Discovery67,280 km²
House of Savoy
The House of Savoy is a royal house that was established in 1003 in the historical region of Savoy, which was originally part of the Kingdom of Burgundy and now lies mostly within southeastern France.
- Active Epoch:
- 1564 CE – 1720 CE
- Imperial Capital:
- Government:
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