Ports & Harbours of the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence Seaway

History

In 1951, the Illinois General Assembly authorized the creation of port districts in Illinois with the Chicago Regional Port District, to oversee harbor and port development, being the first such port district created. The State of Illinois and City of Chicago had relinquished all rights and interest in the bed of Lake Calumet to the Port District, so as to enable the District to develop Calumet Harbor. The district was given the power to acquire any navigable waters of the state which were within the District area. The constitutionality of the district was challenged in People v. Chicago Regional Port District.

History

Fairport Harbor's location at the mouth of the Grand River made it an ideal place for a settlement. After being claimed as part of the Connecticut Western Reserve by the Connecticut Land Company in 1796–1797, the town of Grandon was platted there on May 16, 1812. When the town incorporated in 1836, the name was changed to "Fairport." Fairport is a commendatory name. The current name was adopted in 1959.

After receiving federal sponsorship, the village's port flourished, and an influx of Finns, Hungarians, and Slovaks arrived there. The port also imported iron ore for use at area steel mills. The port continues operation at a more limited capacity.

Later in the village's history, the Diamond Alkali Company operated from 1912 to 1976.

History

The era of the fur trade saw the Port of Oswego change hands four different times. The port was controlled at the beginning of the era by the Dutch from 1610 until 1650, although there is a very minimal record as to what activity was taking place at the port while under Dutch control. The second major power to control the port during The Fur Trade Era was the French, who held control of the port from 1650 to 1700. The British were the next to have the Port of Oswego under their control, as they controlled it from 1700 until 1775. The port wasn't handed over to the United States until 1796 and since then has been under the jurisdiction of the United States.

History

In pre-colonial times, Indigenous people of the Onguiaahra (Neutral Iroquois) lived in the area, due in part to the ready availability of flint and chert from outcroppings on the Onondaga Escarpment. This advantage was diminished by the introduction of firearms by European traders, and they were driven out by the Six Nations of the Iroquois around 1650 as part of the Beaver Wars.

Originally called Gravelly Bay, after the shallow, bedrock-floored bay upon which it sits, today's City of Port Colborne traces its roots back to the United Empire Loyalist settlements that grew up in the area following the American Revolution. Growth became focused around the southern terminus of the Welland Canal after it reached Lake Erie in 1833.

Economy

Maritime commerce, including supplying goods to the camps for the labourers who worked on the first canal, ship repair and the provisioning trade, was, and still is, an important part of Port Colborne's economy. Like other cities in the region, Port Colborne was a heavily industrial city throughout most of the early 20th century because of its proximity to the hydroelectric power of Niagara Falls. A grain elevator, two modern flour mills, a nickel refinery, a cement plant operated by Canada Cement, and a blast furnace operated by Algoma Steel were all major employers.

As recently as 2017, Port Colborne has been successful attracting new industry, such as the agro-business operations of Casco Inc. and Jungbunzlauer, which process corn into products such as sweeteners and citric acid.

History

The location of Port Credit was in the 1700s, the land of the Mississauga Ojibwe Indigenous people. The location became used as a meeting place between the band and white traders, and the river was known to them as the Missinhe or "trusting creek". To the French and later the English the mouth was known as "Port Credit" and a trading post was established in 1720, where goods were traded or bought on credit. The earliest reference is on a map drawn in 1757 by La Broquerie.

The first permanent structure built by the English at the site was the Government Inn (1798–1861), on the east bank of the river.

Tourism

The Port Credit In-Water Boat Show. An annual event, to be held in August, at the Port Credit Harbour Marina. Ontario's largest in-water boat show.

Southside Shuffle is an annual three-day Blues and Jazz festival in September, founded in 1999 by Chuck Jackson. It includes the Mississauga Music Walk of Fame.

The Marina is located in the center of Port Credit and provides docking for ships up to 45’ in length.

Lakefront Promenade Marina is located Lakefront Promenade park, built in 1991. It has amenities including docking and boating facilities as well as an outdoor eatery for convenience.

Alongside the protected harbour are 40 hectares of public land including a playground, splash pads, boardwalks, barbecues, and many more amenities.

History

Port Dover's earliest known inhabitants, from around the year 1000 until approximately 300–350 years later, were the Algonquin nation. They were noted flint-workers and evidence of their skill in crafting arrowheads is still to be found in open worked field areas surrounding the village. The next wave of inhabitants were the Attawandaron nation, the Neutrals, who occupied the region from about 1350 until their absorption by the Iroquois in the year 1651. The last significant native nation to occupy the area was the Mississaugas.

In 1670, French missionaries François Dollier de Casson and René Bréhant de Galinée became the first Europeans to winter at what is now Port Dover.

Climate

Port Dover traditionally belongs to the humid continental climate zone, even with the recent mild winters and warmer dry summers. From the late 1990s onwards, winters have become more mild due to changes in climate brought on by global warming.

The warmest summers that Port Dover has witnessed occurred in 1998, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009 (with the exception of the month of July), 2010, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016.

History

Prior to the American Revolutionary War, this area had been inhabited for thousands of years by differing cultures of indigenous peoples. The historic tribe were the Iroquoian-speaking Onondaga, part of the Haudenosaunee, or Iroquois Confederacy. Long trading with the French and English, the Mohawk and most of the Six Nations allied with the British during the Revolution, hoping to dislodge the American colonists from their territory. Following the war, they were forced to make major cessions of most of their land in New York to the United States. Most of the Iroquois went to Canada and settled on land granted by Great Britain.

Geography

Sackets Harbor is located at 43°56′47″N 76°7′4″W (43.946503, −76.117758).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.2 square miles (5.7 km2), of which 0.004 square miles (0.01 km2), or 0.26%, are water. The village is on Black River Bay, southwest of the mouth of the Black River, on Lake Ontario. Its protected harbor was critical to the founding and early history of the village. Much of Lake Ontario was gouged out of rock by glaciers. There were few protected harbors on the south shore deep enough for major shipping in the early 19th century.

New York State Route 3 passes east of the village, which is at the convergence of County Roads 62 (Sulphur Springs Road) and 75 (Adams Road/Dodge Avenue).

History

The Keweenaw Peninsula and the area that would become the Copper Country was home to the Ojibwe people prior to European settlement. By the 1842 Treaty of La Pointe, which took effect in 1843, the Ojibwe officially ceded the western Upper Peninsula including the Keweenaw to the United States.

Copper Harbor was host to the first mineral land agency throughout the entire Lake Superior District. Captain Walter Cunningham was appointed by the United States Department of War to act as a Special Agent to the area. As soon as wayfinding was established in the spring of 1843, Cunningham had come to the area and opened his office, which was thereafter named the "Government House". It was positioned on Porter's Island, a small rocky island just opposite of present-day downtown Copper Harbor.

Geography

In 2010, Copper Harbor was listed as a census-designated place. The CDP contains a total area of 2.43 square miles (6.29 km2), of which 1.51 square miles (3.91 km2) is land and 0.92 square miles (2.38 km2) (37.86%) is water.

Copper Harbor is located at the northern edge of the Keweenaw Peninsula, which also extends for several miles to the east. Copper Harbor has its own post office and ZIP Code (49918). Some areas within the community and the surrounding area may use the Mohawk 49950 ZIP Code.

Beyond the community center, there are thick forests, limited roadways, and few developments.

Relative to other communities in the Keweenaw, Copper Harbor is 9 miles (14.5 km) from Mandan, 12 miles (19.3 km) north of Delaware, and 16 miles (25.7 km) east of Eagle Harbor.

History

Port Dalhousie was founded in 1826. The founding of Port Dalhousie was preceded by the development of the Welland Canal and the economic activity that it drew in the first half of the 19th century. While there was various small settlements in the area that went as far back as the 1790s, it was not until Nathan Pawling purchased several parcels of land to form a more formal community that he called “Port Dalhousie” after George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie, then Governor-General of British North America. Following the purchase, Pawling placed an advertisement in the newspaper to attract new people to migrate to the community.

The opening of the Welland Canal created a boom in shipbuilding and repair. Alexander Muir and his brothers began the Muir Dry Dock in 1850.