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Map of DR Congo

DR Congo is a country in Africa with its capital at Kinshasa, home to about 112.83 million people across 2.34M km². The interactive map below plots 88 cities and towns, 29 rivers, 9 lakes, 4 mountain summits and 2 ports recorded for DR Congo in YearMaps.

Population
112.83 million
#15 of 225 · World Bank, 2025
Area
2.34M km²
#12 by area
Capital
Kinshasa
Continent
Africa
48 people per km²

Interactive Map of DR Congo

3.6

Centred on Kinshasa at 4.3278° S, 15.3130° E. Use the layer panel to switch on rivers, dams, ports, peaks and historical borders.

About DR Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), also known as the DR Congo, Congo-Kinshasa, or simply the Congo, and formerly named Zaire, is a country in Central Africa. By land area, it is the second-largest country in Africa and the eleventh-largest in the world. With a population of about 124 million people, the Democratic Republic of the Congo is the fourth-most populous country in Africa and the most populous Francophone country in the world. French is the official and most widely spoken language. There are over 200 indigenous languages, of which Lingala is the most widely spoken. The capital, largest city, and economic center is Kinshasa. The DRC is bordered by the Republic of the Congo, the Cabinda exclave of Angola, and the South Atlantic Ocean to the west; the Central African Republic and South Sudan to the north; Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and Tanzania (across Lake Tanganyika) to the east; and Zambia and Angola to the south. Centered on the Congo Basin, most of the DRC's terrain is covered by dense rainforests and is crossed by many rivers. The east and southeast are mountainous.

The territory of the Congo was first inhabited by Central African foragers around 90,000 years ago and was settled in the Bantu expansion about 2,000 to 3,000 years ago. In the west, the Kingdom of Kongo ruled around the mouth of the Congo River from the 14th to the 19th century. In the center and east, the empires of Mwene Muji, Luba, and Lunda ruled between the 15th and 19th centuries. These kingdoms were broken up by Europeans during the colonization of the Congo Basin. King Leopold II of Belgium acquired rights to the Congo territory in 1885 and called it the Congo Free State. In 1908, Leopold ceded the territory after international pressure in response to widespread atrocities, and it became a Belgian colony. Congo achieved independence from Belgium in 1960 and was immediately confronted by secessionist movements, the assassination of Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba, and the seizure of power by Mobutu Sese Seko in 1965. Mobutu renamed the country Zaire in 1971 and imposed a personalist dictatorship.

Instability caused by an influx of refugees from the Rwandan Civil War led to the First Congo War, from 1996 to 1997, which ended with Mobutu's overthrow. The country's name was changed, and it experienced the Second Congo War from 1998 to 2003, which resulted in an estimated several million deaths and the assassination of President Laurent-Désiré Kabila. The war ended under President Joseph Kabila, who restored relative stability.

Summary adapted from Wikipedia: Democratic Republic of the Congo (CC BY-SA 4.0).

DR Congo
Image via Wikimedia Commons.

Geography and Climate of DR Congo

Bantu, Sudanic, and other migrants from West and Northeastern Africa arrived in the Congo River Basin between 2000 B.C. and A.D. 500. The territory that is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo has more than 200 ethnic groups that trace their histories to many communal organizations and kingdoms. The Kingdom of Kongo, for example, ruled the area around the mouth of the Congo River from the 14th to 19th centuries. Meanwhile, the Kingdoms of Luba and Lunda, located to the south and east, were also notable political groupings in the territory and ruled from the 16th and 17th centuries to the 19th century. European prospectors in the Congo Basin invaded and splintered these kingdoms in the late 1800’s, sponsored by King LEOPOLD II of Belgium, and the kingdoms were eventually forced to grant Leopold the rights to the Congo territory as his private property. During this period, known as the Congo Free State, the king's private colonial military forced the local population to produce rubber. From 1885 to 1908, millions of Congolese people died as a result of disease and inhumane treatment. International condemnation finally forced LEOPOLD to cede the land to the state of Belgium, creating the Belgian Congo. The Republic of the Congo gained its independence from Belgium in 1960, but its early years were marred by instability. Col. Joseph MOBUTU seized power and declared himself president in a 1965 coup. He subsequently changed his name to MOBUTU Sese Seko and the country's name to Zaire. MOBUTU retained his position for 32 years, using sham elections and brute force. In 1994, a massive inflow of refugees from conflict in neighboring Rwanda and Burundi sparked ethnic strife and civil war. A rebellion backed by Rwanda and Uganda and fronted by Laurent KABILA toppled the MOBUTU regime in 1997. KABILA renamed the country the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). In 1998, another insurrection -- again backed by Rwanda and Uganda -- challenged the KABILA regime, but troops from Angola, Chad, Namibia, Sudan, and Zimbabwe helped quell the uprising. In 2001, KABILA was assassinated, and his son, Joseph KABILA, was named head of state. In 2002, the new president negotiated the withdrawal of Rwandan forces occupying the eastern DRC; the remaining warring parties subsequently signed the Pretoria Accord to end the fighting and establish a government of national unity. KABILA was elected as president in 2006 and 2011. The DRC constitution barred him from running for a third term, so in 2016, the DRC Government delayed national elections for two years. This fueled significant civil and political unrest, with sporadic street protests and exacerbation of tensions in the eastern DRC regions. The results of the 2018 elections were disputed, but opposition candidate Felix TSHISEKEDI, son of long-time opposition leader Etienne TSHISEKEDI, was announced as the election winner. This was the first transfer of power to an opposition candidate without significant violence or a coup since 1960. In 2023, the DRC held its fourth electoral cycle since independence; TSHISEKEDI was proclaimed the winner despite some allegations of fraud, with his Sacred Union alliance retaining a large parliamentary majority. The DRC continues to experience violence -- particularly in the East -- perpetrated by more than 100 armed groups active in the region, including the March 23 (M23) rebel group, the ISIS-affiliated Allied Democratic Forces (ADF, or ISIS-DRC), the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), and assorted local militias known as Mai Mai militias. The UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the DRC (MONUSCO) has operated in the region since 1999 and is the largest and most expensive UN peacekeeping mission in the world.

Location
Central Africa, northeast of Angola.
Climate
Tropical; hot and humid in equatorial river basin; cooler and drier in southern highlands; cooler and wetter in eastern highlands; north of Equator - wet season (April to October), dry season (December to February); south of Equator - wet season (November to March), dry season (April to October)
Terrain
Vast central basin is a low-lying plateau; mountains in east.
Highest point
Pic Marguerite on Mont Ngaliema (Mount Stanley) 5,110 m.
Lowest point
Atlantic Ocean 0 m.
Coastline
37 km.
Land borders
Total: 11,027 km; border countries: Angola 2,646 km (of which 225 km is the boundary of Angola's discontiguous Cabinda Province); Burundi 236 km; Central African Republic 1,747 km; Republic of the Congo 1,775 km; Rwanda 221 km; South Sudan 714 km; Tanzania 479 km; Uganda 877 km; Zambia 2,332 km.
Major rivers
Zaïre (Congo) river mouth (shared with Zambia [s], Angola, and Republic of Congo) - 2,920 km; Ubangi river mouth (shared with Central African Republic [s] and Republic of Congo) - 2,270 km note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth.
Major lakes
Fresh water lake(s): Lake Tanganyika (shared with Burundi, Tanzania, and Zambia) - 32,000 sq km; Lake Albert (shared with Uganda) - 5,590 sq km; Lake Mweru (shared with Zambia) - 4,350 sq km; Lac Mai-Ndombe - 2,300 sq km; Lake Kivu (shared with Rwanda) - 2,220 sq km; Lake Edward (shared with Uganda) - 2,150 sq km; Lac Tumba - 500 sq km; Lac Upemba - 530 sq km.
Natural resources
Cobalt, copper, niobium, tantalum, petroleum, industrial and gem diamonds, gold, silver, zinc, manganese, tin, uranium, coal, hydropower, timber.
Land use
Agricultural land: 15.5% (2023 est.); arable land: 6.6% (2023 est.); permanent crops: 0.9% (2023 est.); permanent pasture: 8% (2023 est.); forest: 61.6% (2023 est.); other: 22.9% (2023 est.)
Natural hazards
Periodic droughts in south; Congo River floods (seasonal); active volcanoes in the east along the Great Rift Valley volcanism: the active volcano Nyiragongo (3,470 m) poses a major threat to the city of Goma, home to a quarter of a million people; it produces unusually fast-moving lava, known to travel up to 100 km/hr; Nyiragongo has been deemed a Decade Volcano by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; its neighbor Nyamuragira is Africa's most active volcano; Visoke is the only other historically active volcano.
Geographic note
Note 1: second-largest country in Africa (after Algeria) and largest country in sub-Saharan Africa; straddles the equator; dense tropical rainforest in central river basin and eastern highlands; the narrow strip of land that controls the lower Congo River is the DRC's only outlet to the South Atlantic Ocean note 2: the Congo River, most of which flows through the DRC, has never been accurately measured along much of its length because of its speed, cataracts, rapids, and turbulence; nonetheless, it is conceded to be the deepest river in the world, with estimates of the point of greatest depth varying between 220 and 250 meters.
Languages
French (official), Lingala (a trade language), Kingwana (a dialect of Kiswahili or Swahili), Kikongo, Tshiluba.
Religions
Christian 93/1% (Roman Catholic 29.9%, Protestant 26.7%, other Christian 36.5%), Kimbanguist 2.8%, Muslim 1.3%, other (includes syncretic sects and indigenous beliefs) 1.2%, none 1.3%, unspecified 0.2% (2014 est.)
Ethnic groups
More than 200 African ethnic groups of which the majority are Bantu; the four largest groups - Mongo, Luba, Kongo (all Bantu), and the Mangbetu-Azande (Hamitic) - make up about 45% of the population.
Economy
Very poor, large, natural resource-rich sub-Saharan country; possesses the world’s second largest rainforest; increasing Chinese extractive sector trade; massive decrease in government investments; increasing current account deficit and public debts.

From the CIA World Factbook (public domain), archived edition of 2026-01-22. The Factbook is no longer updated, so figures reflect that edition.

DR Congo in Numbers

Population
112.83 million
2025
GDP
US$91.0 billion
2025
GDP per person
US$807
2025
Life expectancy
62.1 years
2024
Population growth
3.20% a year
2025
Population density
48 per km²
2024
Urban population
45.1%
2025
Surface area
2,345,410 km²
2024
Forest cover
61.5%
2024
Arable land
7.3%
2024
Access to electricity
22.5%
2024
Internet users
19.7%
2024

Indicators from World Bank Open Data (CC BY 4.0). The year under each figure is its reference year.

DR Congo in Depth

History

The area of the present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo was inhabited as early as 90,000 years ago, and later underwent major demographic and technological change with the expansion of Bantu peoples during the first millennium BC. From this process emerged organised states and empires, including early federated states around Pool Malebo and later the Kingdom of Kongo, as well many others such as the Luba and Lunda Empires.

From the 1870s to 1908, King Leopold II of Belgium established and ruled the Congo Free State as his personal possession, using forced labour and concessionary companies to extract rubber, while violence, disease, and exploitation caused catastrophic population loss.

Geography

The DRC is located in central sub-Saharan Africa, bordered to the northwest by the Republic of the Congo, to the north by the Central African Republic, to the northeast by South Sudan, to the east by Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi, and by Tanzania (across Lake Tanganyika), to the south and southeast by Zambia, to the southwest by Angola, and to the west by the South Atlantic Ocean and the Cabinda exclave of Angola. The DRC lies between latitudes 6°N and 14°S, and longitudes 12°E and 32°E. It straddles the Equator, with one-third to the north and two-thirds to the south. With an area of 2,345,408 square kilometres (905,567 sq mi), it is the second-largest country in Africa by area, after Algeria.

Economy

The economy of the DR Congo has grown from US$9.02 billion at the end of the Second Congo War in 2003 to US$72.48 billion in 2024 by nominal GDP, and from $29.23 billion to $190.13 billion by PPP-adjusted GDP during the same time period. Minerals and metal, specifically cobalt and copper, made up 80% of the country's exports in 2023. Its largest trade partner by a significant margin is China, which represented 41% of its exports in 2024, followed by Zambia, South Africa, Singapore, and the United Arab Emirates.

The DRC's economy, especially its mining sector, received significant foreign investment, and after the early 2000s it experienced high GDP growth rates that were above the average for sub-Saharan Africa.

Demographics

The DRC has a high annual population growth rate, and the population increased from 51.9 million in 2000 to 105 million in 2021. Between 1950 and 2000, the country's population nearly quadrupled from 12.2 million to 46.9 million.

In 2026, 52% of the population had access to water services (29% in rural areas). 31% have access to sanitation services (21% in rural areas). The DRC also lacks state-sponsored social safety nets, with 12% of formal workers, mostly government employees, being enrolled in the National Social Security Fund.

In 2021, the UN estimated the country's population to be 96 million, a rapid increase from 39.1 million in 1992 despite the ongoing war.

Sections adapted from Wikipedia: Democratic Republic of the Congo (CC BY-SA 4.0).

DR Congo: Key Facts

Key facts about DR Congo
CurrencyCongolese franc
Official languageFrench
Head of stateFélix Tshisekedi
Head of governmentIlunga Ilunkamba Sylvestre
Form of governmentrepublic
Calling code+243
Internet domain.cd
Highest pointMount Stanley
Lowest pointAtlantic Ocean
Established30 June 1960

Facts from Wikidata Q974 (CC0).

History of DR Congo: Empires and States

The atlas records 5 polities whose mapped territory included part of DR Congo, from Kingdom of Kongo in 1440 CE to 2024 CE. They are listed in the order they first appear.

Polities that held DR Congo, in chronological order
PolityPeriod here
Kingdom of Kongo1440–1669 CE
Kingdom of Lunda1709–1889 CE
Belgian Congo1890–1962 CE
Democratic Republic of the Congo1960–2024 CE
Zaire1973–1995 CE

Historical Maps of DR Congo

DR Congo on the world map in each year one of these states held it:

Derived by testing mapped cities against dated territorial polygons. Dates are when the polygons cover this place, not the polity's whole lifespan, and polities absent from the source dataset are not listed.

Visiting DR Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (French: République Démocratique du Congo (or RDC); often shortened to DRC or D.R. Congo) is the largest and most populous country in Central Africa, as well as the world's largest Francophone country.

The country is also referred to as Congo-Kinshasa to distinguish it from its northwestern neighbor, the Republic of the Congo (also known as "Congo-Brazzaville").

Although the country has pristine wilderness areas, charismatic fauna, volcanic peaks, friendly people, mineral wealth, and rainforests, it has been in a state of flux since the 1960s and large parts of the country are unsafe for travel.

Travel notes adapted from Wikivoyage: Democratic Republic of the Congo (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Largest Cities in DR Congo

88 cities recorded. Ranked by metropolitan population. A port city's harbour is written up on the page of its sea.

Largest Cities in DR Congo
#NamePopulation
1Kinshasa7.84 million
2Lubumbashi1.35 million
3Mbuji-Mayi1.29 million
4Kananga765,000
5Kikwit637,736
6Kisangani578,470
7Bukavu436,779
8Likasi434,408
9Kolwezi418,000
10Beni332,903
11Butembo286,403
12Mbandaka274,996
13Tshikapa267,462
14Kindu262,914
15Matadi245,862
16Kalemie206,257
17Gemena198,056
18Mbanza-Ngungu197,545
19Mwene-Ditu189,177
20Boma178,638
21Uvira170,391
22Bumba160,539
23Isiro157,196
24Gandajika154,425
25Moanda153,915
The other 63 (population, region, role)
  1. Wamba · 146,871 · Orientale · Populated place
  2. Goma · 144,124 · Nord-Kivu · Admin-1 capital
  3. Kamina · 128,803 · Katanga · Populated place
  4. Bandundu · 118,211 · Bandundu · Admin-1 capital
  5. Kipushi · 113,347 · Katanga · Populated place
  6. Ilebo · 107,093 · Kasaï-Occidental · Populated place
  7. Kongolo · 105,202 · Katanga · Populated place
  8. Bunia · 96,764 · Orientale · Populated place
  9. Lisala · 70,087 · Équateur · Populated place
  10. Lodja · 68,244 · Kasaï-Oriental · Populated place
  11. Binga · 64,639 · Cquateur · Populated place
  12. Kasongo · 63,000 · Maniema · Populated place
  13. Kabinda · 59,004 · Kasaï-Oriental · Populated place
  14. Aketi · 58,601 · Orientale · Populated place
  15. Basankusu · 52,216 · Cquateur · Populated place
  16. Mweka · 50,675 · Kasaï-Occidental · Populated place
  17. Gbadolite · 50,493 · Équateur · Populated place
  18. Kahemba · 50,000 · Bandundu · Populated place
  19. Bulungu · 48,344 · Bandundu · Populated place
  20. Manono · 46,111 · Katanga · Populated place
  21. Buta · 45,677 · Orientale · Populated place
  22. Basoko · 43,709 · Orientale · Populated place
  23. Lubao · 43,068 · Kasaï-Oriental · Populated place
  24. Lusambo · 41,416 · Kasaï-Oriental · Populated place
  25. Inongo · 40,113 · Bandundu · Populated place
  26. Tshela · 38,845 · Bas-Congo · Populated place
  27. Bukama · 38,770 · Katanga · Populated place
  28. Mangai · 37,188 · Bandundu · Populated place
  29. Kampene · 37,034 · Maniema · Populated place
  30. Kambove · 36,702 · Katanga · Populated place
  31. Kaniama · 36,481 · Katanga · Admin-1 capital
  32. Yangambi · 35,531 · Orientale · Populated place
  33. Luebo · 35,183 · Kasaï-Occidental · Populated place
  34. Businga · 34,247 · Équateur · Populated place
  35. Mushie · 33,062 · Bandundu · Populated place
  36. Boende · 32,091 · Équateur · Populated place
  37. Kabalo · 29,833 · Katanga · Populated place
  38. Kasangulu · 27,961 · Bas-Congo · Populated place
  39. Bolobo · 27,862 · Bandundu · Populated place
  40. Libenge · 27,053 · Équateur · Populated place
  41. Watsa · 24,516 · Orientale · Populated place
  42. Bondo · 23,517 · Orientale · Populated place
  43. Demba · 22,263 · Kasaï-Occidental · Populated place
  44. Kasongo-Lunda · 20,060 · Bandundu · Populated place
  45. Zongo · 17,667 · Cquateur · Populated place
  46. Nyunzu · 15,397 · Katanga · Populated place
  47. Bosobolo · 14,553 · Équateur · Populated place
  48. Kasaji · 11,969 · Katanga · Populated place
  49. Kimpese · 10,578 · Bas-Congo · Populated place
  50. Moba · 10,006 · Katanga · Populated place
  51. Dilolo · 7,854 · Katanga · Populated place
  52. Bongandanga · 4,105 · Équateur · Populated place
  53. Mongbwalu · 2,819 · Orientale · Populated place
  54. Mwenga · 2,216 · Sud-Kivu · Populated place
  55. Lubutu · 1,313 · Maniema · Populated place
  56. Buluko · 1,192 · Nord-Kivu · Admin-1 capital
  57. Luanza · 861 · Katanga · Populated place
  58. Dibaya · 603 · Kasao-Occidental · Populated place
  59. Ikela · 291 · Cquateur · Populated place
  60. Kenge · 241 · Bandundu · Populated place
  61. Kalima · 194 · Maniema · Populated place
  62. Lusanga · 177 · Bandundu · Populated place
  63. Bafwasende · 149 · Orientale · Populated place

Highest Mountains in DR Congo

4 mountains recorded. Ranked by summit elevation above sea level. A summit on a border is listed under both countries.

More on these mountains →
Highest Mountains in DR Congo
#NameElevation
1Mount Stanley4,979 m
2Volcan Karisimbi4,519 m
3Mont Mohi3,480 m
4Kabobo2,725 m

Largest Lakes in DR Congo

9 lakes recorded. Ranked by mapped surface area. A lake on a border is listed under each country it lies in, with the area of the whole lake.

More on these lakes →
Largest Lakes in DR Congo
#NameSurface Area
1Lake Tanganyika32,896 km²
2Lake Albert5,404 km²
3Lac Moeru5,057 km²
4Lake Kivu2,693 km²
5Lake Edward2,220 km²
6Lac Mai-Ndombe2,000 km²
7Lac Tumba735 km²
8Lac Upemba506 km²
9Lake Rentenue288 km²

Rivers in DR Congo

29 rivers recorded. Listed alphabetically. A river is listed where its mapped reach lies, so long rivers appear under more than one country.

See all 29 rivers →
Rivers in DR Congo
NameType
AruwimiRiver
BomuRiver
BusiraRiver
EbolaRiver
FimiRiver
InkisiRiver
IturiRiver
KasaiRiver
KibaliRiver
KwangoRiver

Ports in DR Congo

2 ports recorded. Ranked by approach channel depth, the figure that limits which ships can call. Harbours link to their write-up on the page of the sea or coast they lie on.

Ports in DR Congo
#NameChannel Depth
1Banana49.4 m
2Boma42.1 m

UNESCO World Heritage Sites in DR Congo

5 World Heritage Sites recorded. Listed by year of inscription, earliest first. Sites shared with another country appear under each.

More on these World Heritage Sites →
UNESCO World Heritage Sites in DR Congo
#NameInscribed
1Virunga National Park1979
2Garamba National Park1980
3Kahuzi-Biéga National Park1980
4Salonga National Park1984
5Okapi Wildlife Reserve1996

Mountain Ranges, Deserts and Landforms of DR Congo

5 mountain ranges, deserts and other landforms recorded. Ranked by mapped area. Covers mountain ranges, deserts, plateaus, named glaciers, plains, basins, peninsulas and capes. One that crosses a border is listed under every country it lies in, with the area of the whole feature.

More on these mountain ranges, deserts and other landforms →
Mountain Ranges, Deserts and Landforms of DR Congo
#NameArea
1Congo Basin3.11M km²
2Katanga Plateau745,170 km²
3Great Rift Valley163,247 km²
4MITUMBA Mountains48,247 km²
5Ruwenzori Range642 km²

States and Provinces of DR Congo

10 first-level divisions with their own map.

Countries Bordering DR Congo

Land and maritime neighbours.

More Maps in Africa

DR Congo: Quick Answers

What is the capital of DR Congo?
The capital of DR Congo is Kinshasa.
What is the population of DR Congo?
DR Congo has a population of about 112.83 million, the #15 largest of 225 countries in YearMaps. Source: World Bank, 2025.
How big is DR Congo?
DR Congo covers 2.34M km², ranking #12 by area, with about 48 people per square kilometre.
Which continent is DR Congo in?
DR Congo is in Africa.
Which countries border DR Congo?
DR Congo shares a land or maritime border with Angola, Tanzania, Central African Republic, Zambia, South Sudan, Burundi, Republic of the Congo, Cameroon, Uganda, Rwanda, Sudan.
What is the largest city in DR Congo?
Kinshasa is the largest city in DR Congo, with a metropolitan population of about 7.84 million.
What is the highest mountain in DR Congo?
The highest summit recorded for DR Congo in YearMaps is Mount Stanley at 4,979 m (16,335 ft). Summits on a border are counted for both countries.
What is the largest lake in DR Congo?
The largest lake recorded in or bordering DR Congo is Lake Tanganyika, at roughly 32,896 km².