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Map of Albania

Albania is a country in Europe with its capital at Tirana, home to about 2.35 million people across 28,748 km². The interactive map below plots 26 cities and towns, 2 rivers, 1 lakes, 2 mountain summits and 1 ports recorded for Albania in YearMaps.

Population
2.35 million
#147 of 225 · World Bank, 2025
Area
28,748 km²
#145 by area
Capital
Tirana
Continent
Europe
82 people per km²

Interactive Map of Albania

6.2

Centred on Tirana at 41.3275° N, 19.8189° E. Use the layer panel to switch on rivers, dams, ports, peaks and historical borders.

About Albania

Albania, officially the Republic of Albania, is a country in Southeastern Europe. It is located in the Balkans, on the Adriatic and Ionian Seas within the Mediterranean Sea, and shares land borders with Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, North Macedonia to the east and Greece to the south. With an area of 28,748 km2 (11,100 sq mi), it has a varied range of climatic, geological, hydrological and morphological conditions. Landscapes range from rugged snow-capped mountains in the Albanian Alps and the Korab, Skanderbeg, Pindus and Ceraunian Mountains, to fertile lowland plains extending from the Adriatic and Ionian sea coasts. Tirana is the capital and largest city, followed by Durrës, Vlorë, and Shkodër.

Albania was inhabited by several Illyrian tribes, among them the Ardiaei, Bylliones, Dassaretii, Enchele, and Taulantians, with the Chaonians settled in the southwest. Several colonies were founded by the Ancient Greeks along the Albanian coast, most notably Apollonia. The Illyrians were the dominant power before the rise of Macedon. Following the Illyrian Wars, Albania was integrated into the Roman Empire and remained in the Byzantine Empire after its partition. During the Middle Ages, several Albanian principalities emerged, most notably the Principality of Arbanon, Kingdom of Albania, Principality of Albania and Albania Veneta. In the 15th century, Albania became a center of resistance against Ottoman expansion under the leadership of Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg, whose military campaigns repelled Ottoman advances for over two decades. Although incorporated into the Ottoman Empire, Albania retained distinct cultural and social identities throughout four centuries of foreign rule, culminating in the Albanian Renaissance in the 19th century. Albania declared independence in 1912, followed by a turbulent 20th century marked by monarchy, foreign occupation during both World Wars, and a communist regime under Enver Hoxha.

Since its independence in 1912, Albania has undergone many political changes, transitioning from a monarchy to a communist regime before becoming a sovereign parliamentary constitutional republic. Governed by a constitution prioritising the separation of powers, the political structure includes a parliament, a ceremonial president, a functional prime minister and a hierarchy of courts. Albania is a developing country with an upper-middle income economy driven by the service sector, with manufacturing and tourism—which attracted over 11 million visitors in 2024—playing significant roles.

Summary adapted from Wikipedia: Albania (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Albania
Image via Wikimedia Commons.

Geography and Climate of Albania

After declaring independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1912, Albania experienced a period of political upheaval that led to a short-lived monarchy, which ended in 1939 when Italy conquered the country. Germany then occupied Albania in 1943, and communist partisans took over the country in 1944. Albania allied itself first with the USSR (until 1960) and then with China (until 1978). In the early 1990s, Albania ended communist rule and established a multiparty democracy. Government-endorsed pyramid schemes in 1997 led to economic collapse and civil disorder, which only ended when UN peacekeeping troops intervened. In 1999, some 450,000 ethnic Albanians fled from Kosovo to Albania to escape the war with the Serbs. Albania joined NATO in 2009 and became an official candidate for EU membership in 2014.

Location
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, between Greece to the south and Montenegro and Kosovo to the north.
Climate
Mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter.
Terrain
Mostly mountains and hills; small plains along coast.
Highest point
Maja e Korabit (Golem Korab) 2,764 m.
Lowest point
Adriatic Sea 0 m.
Coastline
362 km.
Land borders
Total: 691 km; border countries: Greece 212 km; Kosovo 112 km; North Macedonia 181 km; Montenegro 186 km.
Major lakes
Fresh water lake(s): Lake Scutari (shared with Montenegro) - 400 sq km note - largest lake in the Balkans.
Natural resources
Petroleum, natural gas, coal, bauxite, chromite, copper, iron ore, nickel, salt, timber, hydropower, arable land.
Land use
Agricultural land: 38.1% (2023 est.); arable land: 21.6% (2023 est.); permanent crops: 3.2% (2023 est.); permanent pasture: 13.4% (2023 est.); forest: 34.3% (2023 est.); other: 27.5% (2023 est.)
Natural hazards
Destructive earthquakes; tsunamis occur along southwestern coast; floods; drought.
Geographic note
Strategic location along Strait of Otranto (links Adriatic Sea to Ionian Sea and Mediterranean Sea)
Languages
Albanian 98.8% (official - derived from Tosk dialect), Greek 0.5%, other 0.6% (including Macedonian, Romani, Vlach, Turkish, Italian, and Serbo-Croatian), unspecified 0.1% (2011 est.)
Religions
Muslim 56.7%, Roman Catholic 10%, Orthodox 6.8%, atheist 2.5%, Bektashi (a Sufi order) 2.1%, other 5.7%, unspecified 16.2% (2011 est.)
Ethnic groups
Albanian 82.6%, Greek 0.9%, other 1% (including Vlach, Romani, Macedonian, Montenegrin, and Egyptian), unspecified 15.5% (2011 est.)
Economy
Upper-middle-income Balkan economy; EU accession candidate; growth bolstered by tourism, agriculture, mining, construction, and private consumption; fiscal consolidation through revenue collection and tax compliance enhancements to address public debt; challenges include weak governance, corruption, and high emigration rates.

From the CIA World Factbook (public domain), archived edition of 2026-01-22. The Factbook is no longer updated, so figures reflect that edition.

Albania in Numbers

Population
2.35 million
2025
GDP
US$30.5 billion
2025
GDP per person
US$12,998
2025
Life expectancy
79.8 years
2024
Population growth
-1.17% a year
2025
Population density
87 per km²
2024
Urban population
58.9%
2025
Surface area
28,750 km²
2024
Forest cover
34.3%
2024
Arable land
21.5%
2024
Access to electricity
100.0%
2024
Internet users
85.9%
2024

Indicators from World Bank Open Data (CC BY 4.0). The year under each figure is its reference year.

Albania in Depth

History

Mesolithic habitation in Albania has been evidenced in several open-air sites which were close to the Adriatic coastline and in caves. Mesolithic objects found in a cave near Xarrë include flint and jasper objects along with fossilised animal bones, while discoveries at Mount Dajti comprise bone and stone tools similar to those of the Aurignacian culture. The Neolithic era began around 7000 BC and is evidenced in finds which indicate domestication of sheep and goats and small-scale agriculture. A part of the Neolithic population may have been the same as the Mesolithic population of the southern Balkans, like in the Konispol cave, where the Mesolithic stratum co-exists with Pre-Pottery Neolithic finds.

Geography

Albania lies along the Mediterranean Sea on the Balkan Peninsula in South and Southeast Europe, and has an area of 28,748 km2 (11,100 sq mi). It is bordered by the Adriatic Sea to the west, Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, North Macedonia to the east, Greece to the south, and the Ionian Sea to the southwest. It is between latitudes 42° and 39° N and longitudes 21° and 19° E. Geographic coordinates include Vërmosh at 42° 35' 34" northern latitude as the northernmost point, Konispol at 39° 40' 0" northern latitude as the southernmost, Sazan at 19° 16' 50" eastern longitude as the westernmost, and Vërnik at 21° 1' 26" eastern longitude as the easternmost.

Economy

Transitioning from a socialist planned to a capitalist mixed economy, Albania is classified as a developing open market with an upper-middle income status. The Albanian economy is characterised by a substantial service sector, comprising 48.6% of GDP, with key contributions from wholesale and retail trade, tourism, real estate, and logistics. Following this, the industrial sector accounts for 20.2%, particularly influenced by construction, while the agricultural sector, including forestry, and fisheries, represents 18.5%, and the manufacturing sector contributes a modest 6.3% to the economy. As of 2025, nominal gross domestic product (GDP) is $26.911 billion with a GDP per capita of $9,474.

Demographics

The 2023 census conducted by the Instituti i Statistikave indicated a population of 2,402,113, with a notable decline from the 2,821,977 recorded in the 2011 census. The decrease in inhabitants began after the disintegration of the communist regime and is associated with significant shifts within the political, economic, and social structure. A principal factor in this transition incorporates a decline in fertility rates coupled with an increase in emigration, both contributing to persistent demographic changes and challenges. It is forecast that the population will continue shrinking for the next decade at least, depending on the actual rates and the level of migration.

Sections adapted from Wikipedia: Albania (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Albania: Key Facts

Key facts about Albania
CurrencyAlbanian lek
Official languageAlbanian
Head of stateBajram Begaj
Head of governmentEdi Rama
Form of governmentparliamentary system
Calling code+355
Internet domain.al
Highest pointKorab
Lowest pointAdriatic Sea
Established28 November 1912

Facts from Wikidata Q222 (CC0).

History of Albania: Empires and States

The atlas records 26 polities whose mapped territory included part of Albania, from Greek City-States in 550 BCE to 2024 CE. They are listed in the order they first appear.

Polities that held Albania, in chronological order
PolityPeriod here
Greek City-States550–324 BCE
The Macedonian Empire of Alexander350–292 BCE
Antigonid Dynasty291–285 BCE
Ptolemaic Kingdom281–31 BCE
Antigonid Macedonia277–198 BCE
Illyrian Kingdom256–226 BCE
Greek Colonies247–231 BCE
Roman Republic203–32 BCE
The Roman Empire31 BCE – 476 CE
Eastern Roman Empire395–632 CE
The Byzantine Empire395–1351 CE
Visigoths397–406 CE
First Bulgarian Empire850–1017 CE
Despotate of Epirus1206–1278 CE
Second Bulgarian Empire1236–1249 CE
Kingdom of Serbia1236–1351 CE
House of Anjou-Sicily1279–1293 CE
Serbian Empire1352–1458 CE
Albanian Principalities1375–1421 CE
Serbian Despots1375–1421 CE
Principality of Valona and Kanina1395–1421 CE
The Ottoman Empire1422–1911 CE
Albania1912–1945 CE
Kingdom of Italy1917–1943 CE
People's Socialist Republic of Albania1946–1990 CE
Republic of Albania1991–2024 CE

Derived by testing mapped cities against dated territorial polygons. Dates are when the polygons cover this place, not the polity's whole lifespan, and polities absent from the source dataset are not listed.

Visiting Albania

"AL" redirects here. For the Brazilian state with the same postal abbreviation, see Alagoas; for the U.S. state, see Alabama.

Albania (Albanian: Shqipëria) is a country in the Balkan region of Europe with unspoiled beaches, mountainous landscapes, traditional cuisine, archaeological artefacts, unique traditions, low prices and the wild atmosphere of the countryside. It is one of the sunniest countries in Europe. The country has an extensive archaeological heritage; it was part of Ancient Greece, the Roman Empire and the Ottoman Empire until its first declaration of independence in 1912, becoming a kingdom and then a communist dictatorship before becoming a democratic republic. Albania is one of just a few Muslim majority nations in Europe.

Travel notes adapted from Wikivoyage: Albania (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Largest Cities in Albania

26 cities recorded. Ranked by metropolitan population. A port city's harbour is written up on the page of its sea.

Largest Cities in Albania
#NamePopulation
1Tirana895,350
2Elbasan165,010
3Shkodër155,767
4Durrës142,432
5Vlorë89,546
6Fier82,297
7Korçë58,259
8Berat46,866
9Lushnjë41,469
10Pogradec40,000
11Gjirokastër23,437
12Krujë21,286
13Lezhë18,695
14Kukës17,832
15Burrel15,405
16Sarandë15,147
17Peshkopi14,848
18Çorovodë14,046
19Librazhd12,691
20Tepelenë11,955
21Gramsh11,556
22Përmet10,686
23Rrëshen10,064
24Bajram Curri7,967
25Ersekë7,890
The other 1 (population, region, role)
  1. Pukë · 6,495 · Shkodër · Admin-1 capital

Highest Mountains in Albania

2 mountains recorded. Ranked by summit elevation above sea level. A summit on a border is listed under both countries.

Highest Mountains in Albania
#NameElevation
1Korab2,764 m
2Maja e Jezercs2,694 m
Korab
Image via Wikimedia Commons (author and licence on the file page).

Korab

Mountain · 2,764 m

Korab is a mountain rising to 2,764 metres (9,068 ft) in Albania and North Macedonia, in the Europe region. The summit stands on the border between them.

Korab (Albanian: Mali i Korabit, Macedonian: Кораб) is a mountain range in eastern Albania and western North Macedonia, running along the border between the two countries. It forms also the European Green Belt. In Albania, it is also called Vargu lindor (English: Eastern range), but this term encompasses mountains further north, such as the Koritnik and Gjallica. The highest peak is Mount Korab at 2,764 m (9,068 ft) above sea level. With a prominence of 2,169 m (7,116 ft), Korab is the 18th most prominent mountain peak in the European continent. The mountains are composed of sedimentary rock, including shale, sandstone, dolomite and limestone. The name means large boat in Macedonian.

Geographically, the Korab mountain range extends 40 km (25 mi) from the Dibër Valley in a north-south direction, between the river valleys of the Black Drin and its tributary the Radika. It is located near the tripoint of Albania, North Macedonia, and Kosovo, southwest of the Šar Mountains. The Drin Valley lies around 400 m (1,300 ft) to the west, the bed of the Radika at about 1,000 m (3,300 ft) above sea level.

Adapted from Wikipedia: Korab (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Elevation
2,764 m (9,068 ft)
Global rank
#282 of 641 indexed
Region
Europe (#20)
Countries
Albania, North Macedonia
Coordinates
41.7870°, 20.5410°

Of the 641 named summits indexed in YearMaps, Korab ranks #282 by elevation, below Pico Naiguatá (2,765 m) and above Mount Macdonald (2,760 m).

Ranges:
Pindus Mountains (Europe), Balkan Mountains (Europe)
Settlements below:
Krujë (69 km), Tirana (79 km), Elbasan (83 km)

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More about Korab

Korab: Key Facts

Key facts about Korab
Topographic prominence2,169 m

Facts from Wikidata Q211616 (CC0).

Largest Lakes in Albania

1 lake recorded. Ranked by mapped surface area. A lake on a border is listed under each country it lies in, with the area of the whole lake.

Largest Lakes in Albania
#NameSurface Area
1Lake Skadar379 km²
Lake Skadar
Image via Wikimedia Commons (author and licence on the file page).

Lake Skadar

Lake · 379 km²

Lake Skadar is a lake in Albania and Montenegro, with a mapped surface area of about 379 km². About 56% of its surface lies in Albania, and the rest in Montenegro.

Lake Skadar or Lake Scutari (Albanian: Liqeni i Shkodrës, pronounced [liˈcɛni i ˈʃkɔdɾəs]; Montenegrin: Скадарско језеро, Skadarsko jezero, pronounced [skâdarskoː jêzero]) – also called Lake Shkodra and Lake Shkodër – lies on the border of Albania and Montenegro, and is the largest lake in Southern Europe. A karst lake, it is named after the Albanian city of Shkodër which lies at its southeastern coast.

The Montenegrin section of the lake and surrounding land have been designated as a national park, while the Albanian part constitutes a nature reserve and a Ramsar site.

Adapted from Wikipedia: Lake Skadar (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Surface area
379 km²
Area rank
#365 of 756 indexed
Type
Lake
Countries
Albania, Montenegro
Coordinates
42.1943°, 19.2977°

Among the 756 water bodies with a mapped extent in YearMaps, Lake Skadar ranks #365 by surface area, after Pangong Tso (379 km²) and ahead of Lake Francis Case (372 km²). Areas are computed from the mapped outline and are approximate.

Settlements on the shore:
Shkodër (16 km), Krujë (80 km), Durrës (95 km)
Watercourses:
Bojana (River), Drin (River)

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More about Lake Skadar

Geography

Lake Skadar is the largest lake in the Balkan Peninsula with a surface area that seasonally fluctuates between 370 km2 (140 sq mi) and 530 km2 (200 sq mi). Lake Skadar itself is located in the western Balkan region.

The lake is located on the border area between Montenegro and Albania. Approximately 65% of the lake's surface area belongs to Montenegro, while around 35% belongs to Albania. The lake's water level also varies seasonally from 4.7 to 9.8 metres (15 to 32 ft) above sea level. The lake extends northwest to southeast, and it is approximately 44 km (27 miles) long.

The Buna River connects the lake with the Adriatic Sea, and the Drin River provides a link with Lake Ohrid.

Geology

Lake Skadar is presumably an ancient lake, although it is a relatively young ancient lake.

Most authors agree that the Lake Skadar basin is of tectonic origin which had been formed due to the complex folding and faulting within north eastern wing of Old Montenegro anticlinorium (High Karst Zone). These movements took place during the Cenozoic period. The lake basin has been formed as the result of sinking of blocks in the Neogene period or even in Paleogene. In the Miocene and the Pliocene marine conditions prevailed in the Zeta Plain, which was sunk at the beginning of the upper Miocene, and that the sea inundated this plain up to Podgorica during the Pliocene.

Tourism

Located roughly 5 km from the city of Tuzi, Vitoja is promoted as a local recreational destination. It is known for its pure, cold, and clear water. The area features facilities for picnics and barbecues, a summer stage used for traditional festivals and cultural events, and opportunities for hiking and relaxation in a natural setting.

Sections adapted from Wikipedia: Lake Skadar (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Lake Skadar: Key Facts

Key facts about Lake Skadar
Surface area530 km²
Maximum depth44 m
Volume1.93 km³
Surface elevation6 m
InflowsMorača, Rijeka Crnojevića
OutflowsBuna

Facts from Wikidata Q203811 (CC0).

Rivers in Albania

2 rivers recorded. Listed alphabetically. A river is listed where its mapped reach lies, so long rivers appear under more than one country.

Rivers in Albania
NameType
BojanaRiver
DrinRiver

Ports in Albania

1 port recorded. Ranked by approach channel depth, the figure that limits which ships can call. Harbours link to their write-up on the page of the sea or coast they lie on.

Ports in Albania
#NameChannel Depth
1Durres42.1 m

UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Albania

4 World Heritage Sites recorded. Listed by year of inscription, earliest first. Sites shared with another country appear under each.

More on these World Heritage Sites →
UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Albania
#NameInscribed
1Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region1979
2Butrint1992
3Historic Centres of Berat and Gjirokastër2005
4Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe2007

Mountain Ranges, Deserts and Landforms of Albania

3 mountain ranges, deserts and other landforms recorded. Ranked by mapped area. Covers mountain ranges, deserts, plateaus, named glaciers, plains, basins, peninsulas and capes. One that crosses a border is listed under every country it lies in, with the area of the whole feature.

Mountain Ranges, Deserts and Landforms of Albania
#NameArea
1Europe11.24M km²
2BALKAN Peninsula189,639 km²
3Dinaric Alps3,001 km²
Dinaric Alps
Image via Wikimedia Commons (author and licence on the file page).

Dinaric Alps

Range/mtn · 3,001 km²

Dinaric Alps is a range/mtn in Europe, covering an estimated 3,001 km². It extends across Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro, Albania, Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The Dinaric Alps (), also Dinarides, are a mountain range in Southern and South-Central Europe, separating the continental Balkan Peninsula from the Adriatic Sea. They stretch from Italy in the northwest through Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo and North Macedonia to Albania in the southeast.

The Dinaric Alps extend for approximately 645 kilometres (401 mi) along the western Balkan Peninsula from the Julian Alps of northeast Italy and northwest Slovenia, downwards to the Šar and Korab massif, where their direction changes. The Accursed Mountains are the highest section of the entire Dinaric Alps; this section stretches from Albania to Kosovo and eastern Montenegro. Maja Jezercë, standing at 2,694 metres (8,839 ft) above the Adriatic, is the highest peak and is located in Albania.

The Dinaric Alps are one of the most rugged and extensive mountainous areas of Europe, alongside the Caucasus Mountains, Alps, Pyrenees, Carpathian Mountains and Scandinavian Mountains. They are formed largely of Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary rocks of dolomite, limestone, sandstone and conglomerates formed by seas and lakes that once covered the area.

Adapted from Wikipedia: Dinaric Alps (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Feature class
Range/mtn
Mapped extent
3,001 km²
Size rank
#169 of 216 mountain ranges
Region
Europe
Countries
Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro, Albania, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Coordinates
46.0498°, 14.0765°
Summits:
Korab (2,764 m)
Adjacent ranges:
Pindus Mountains (Europe), Appennini (Europe)
Settlements:
Shkodër (26 km), Krujë (42 km), Durrës (58 km)

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More about Dinaric Alps

Geology

The Dinaric Karst region is built mostly of Mesozoic limestone and dolomite deposited on top of a huge Bahama-type carbonate platform, while a few kilometers thick carbonate successions have been deformed during the Alpine orogenesis. The main tectonic phase of the Alpine orogenesis in the Dinaric Karst region took place in the Cenozoic Era (Paleogene) as a result of the Adriatic microplate (Adria) collision with the Serbo-Macedonian and Rhodope Massifs, and the process is still active. The Mesozoic limestone forms a very distinctive region of the Balkans, notable for features such as the Karst Plateau, which has given its name to all such terrains of limestone eroded by groundwater.

Sections adapted from Wikipedia: Dinaric Alps (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Dinaric Alps: Key Facts

Key facts about Dinaric Alps
Length645 km
Area175,000 km²
Highest pointJezercë

Facts from Wikidata Q189915 (CC0).

Countries Bordering Albania

Land and maritime neighbours.

More Maps in Europe

Albania: Quick Answers

What is the capital of Albania?
The capital of Albania is Tirana.
What is the population of Albania?
Albania has a population of about 2.35 million, the #147 largest of 225 countries in YearMaps. Source: World Bank, 2025.
How big is Albania?
Albania covers 28,748 km², ranking #145 by area, with about 82 people per square kilometre.
Which continent is Albania in?
Albania is in Europe.
Which countries border Albania?
Albania shares a land or maritime border with Greece, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia.
What is the largest city in Albania?
Tirana is the largest city in Albania, with a metropolitan population of about 895,350.
What is the highest mountain in Albania?
The highest summit recorded for Albania in YearMaps is Korab at 2,764 m (9,068 ft). Summits on a border are counted for both countries.
What is the largest lake in Albania?
The largest lake recorded in or bordering Albania is Lake Skadar, at roughly 379 km².